Battle of Hanoi (1882)
The Battle of Hanoi on 25 April 1882, was the illegal capture by French captain Henri Rivière, acting without his superiors' orders. The French handed the city back later.
The Citadel of Hanoi was almost totally unprepared and the entire attack lasted less than an hour, and ended with only four French soldiers wounded. The Nguyễn dynasty Vietnamese defenders suffered heavy losses including, at his own hand, governor Hoàng Diệu, following the dispatch of a final message to the Emperor Tự Đức in Huế.
