Basic Allowance for Housing


Basic Allowance for Housing is a United States military privilege given to many military members. It was previously called Basic allowance for quarters and is administered by the Defense Travel Management Office.

How it works

Eligibility factors

BAH is given to members so that they can provide housing for themselves and their dependents. BAH is given when the member or their dependents do not occupy government quarters or barracks.
BAH is non taxable money paid on a monthly basis. There are 3 factors for determining the amount of BAH:
  1. Marital status - In Britain, this allowance used to be called "marriage allowance" in the 1930s. In the United States, as of 2018, the U.S. military required its members to produce marriage documentation.
  2. Pay grade - This is essentially synonymous with rank, the higher the grade, the higher the BAH.
  3. Location in the United States - BAH is intended to match the average monthly rent in the area where the member is stationed, thus more expensive regions to live allocate more BAH. Depending on the status of the assignment the BAH may be calculated where the dependents actually reside.
  4. Dependents - There are 2 types or BAH, with dependents and without dependents. The rationale behind this is that a single person doesn't need as much room as a couple or a family.
The following do not affect the amount of BAH:
Reservists who are activated, even if they are housed by the military during their mobilization, are still paid BAH on the assumption that a reservist still may have the civilian obligations that BAH is designed to offset.
Lastly, veterans who are full-time students taking advantage of the Post 9-11 GI Bill are given an allowance pegged to the BAH with dependents rate for an E-5, irrespective of their rank or dependent status.
A service member who is married makes substantially more allowance money than a single member. Reports of soldiers marrying for the extra pay are not uncommon.

Determining allowances

Robert D. Niehaus, Inc., a private firm based in California is contracted to provide the data used to calculate BAH allowances.

Locations

Every location in the U.S. has a BAH, including those without a significant military population. Non-military areas are combined with similar priced rental markets based on U.S. Housing and Urban Development 's Fair Market Rent data, and then use same RDN BAH source data available for similar areas. These comparably priced groups are called "County Cost Groups". There are 39 CCGs in the U.S, consisting of half of all counties containing less than two percent of the uniformed services' population eligible to receive BAH.

Methodology

The following data sources are used to determine BAH:
BAH changes every year, based on data gather during the Summer / Spring active rental seasons. Generally BAH changes 2-5% annually and 5-10% in "hot" markets.

OHA

, or OHA may be given instead of BAH when a member is stationed outside the United States. Overseas Housing Allowance which is similar, but has some significant differences. In OHA, each country, and each region in a country have a cap on a per month basis as to what the military will pay for housing. OHA is the exact amount of monthly rent in the local currency up to the cap.
OHA may also be paid in certain circumstances if the dependents are living overseas, for example if a member is deployed, and the dependents stay in a country outside of the US.
Frequently a "utility allowance" also accompanies OHA. This is usually a flat rate given to the member to cover the cost of utilities, regardless of the actual amount.

Acronyms