Ax-les-Thermes
Ax-les-Thermes is a commune in the Ariège department in the Occitanie region of south-western France.
The inhabitants of the commune are known as Axéens or Axéennes.
The commune has been awarded one flower by the National Council of Towns and Villages in Bloom in the Competition of cities and villages in Bloom.
Geography
Ax-les-Thermes is situated in the Pyrénées, close to Andorra, and stands on the confluence of the Oriège, Ariège and Lauze rivers. some 75 km west of Perpignan and 35 km north-east of Andorra la Vella. Access to the commune is by Route nationale N20 from Garanou in the north-west which passes through the village then south through the commune to Mérens-les-Vals. The D613 goes north from the village to Sorgeat and the D25 branches from this to go east to Ascou and Mijanès. The railway line from Foix passes through the commune with a station just north-west of the village. The line continues south to Merens-les-Vals. Apart from the village there are the hamlets of Premiere Bazerque, Deuxieme Bazerque, Troisieme Bazerque, Petches, and Ax-Bonascre to the south. The Ax 3 Domaines Ski resort is located at Ax-Bonascre south-west of the village and is accessed by the D82 road from the village. The commune is alpine in nature with extensive forests and rugged terrain.The Ariège river flows through the commune from south to north at the start of its journey to join the Garonne at Portet-sur-Garonne. The Ruisseau des Estagnols rises in the south of the commune and flows north to join the Ariège in the south of the commune. The Ruisseau de Risl and the Ruisseau de Font Frède both rise in the east of the commune and flow west to join the Ariège. The Oriège flows from the east to join the Ariège in the village and the Lauze flows from the east to join the Ariège just north of the confluence of the Oriège.
The Spa
Ax, situated at an elevation of, is well known for its sulphurous hot springs. The waters, which were used by the Romans, were historically claimed to treat rheumatism, skin diseases, and other maladies. The springs were developed in the medieval period on the orders of Saint Louis to treat soldiers returning from the Crusades afflicted with leprosy. From the 19th century, a spa tourism industry developed.The Bassin des Ladres, in the centre of the commune, is fed by hot springs supplying water from the ground at a temperature of 77 °C. The best known fountain is the "fountain of cannons". A hospital is situated only one metre from the basin. The pond was built by Roger IV, Count of Foix, during the reign of Saint Louis in 1260. Every year on St John's Day the people of Ax-les-Thermes, having been daubed with ashes, bathe in the Lepers' Pond for fun.
History
Heraldry
Administration
List of Successive MayorsFrom | To | Name | Party | Position |
1800 | 1813 | Jean François Gaspard de Fornier de Clauselles | ||
1977 | 1989 | Alain Aybram | ||
1989 | 1995 | Gérard Balista | ||
1995 | 2001 | Augustin Bonrepaux | ||
2001 | 2008 | Alain Chenebeau | ||
2008 | 2014 | Pierre Peyronne | ||
2014 | 2020 | Dominique Fourcade |
Demography
In 2010 the commune had 1,363 inhabitants. The evolution of the number of inhabitants is known from the population censuses conducted in the commune since 1793. From the 21st century, a census of communes with fewer than 10,000 inhabitants is held every five years, unlike larger communes that have a sample survey every year.Economy
Local economic activity is based mainly on livestock, Hydrotherapy, winter sports, and tourism in general. Its proximity to Andorra enables cross-border shopping. The Ax 3 Domaines winter sports resort is situated in the commune and served as the finish line for of the 2010 Tour de France.Culture and heritage
Civil heritage
The commune has two sites that are registered as historical monuments:- The Bassin des Ladres is fed by hot spring water at a temperature of 77 °C.
- The Teich Park Ornamental Garden
Religious heritage
- The Church of Saint-Jerome contains several items that are registered as historical objects:
- *An Altar Painting: Christ on the Cross
- *The Choir Enclosure
- *The Front of the Altar
- *A Tabernacle and 6 statuettes
- *The Altar, Retable, 2 statues, Painting: Saint Jerome, Saint Madeleine, Christ on the Cross
- The Church of Saint-Vincent contains several items that are registered as historical objects:
- *A Chalice
- *A Crucifix from the Blue Penitents
- *A Chalice
- *A Painting: Saint Vincent in Ecstasy
- *A Bronze Bell
- *A Painting: The mystical marriage of Saint Catherine
- *A Painting: Christ on the Cross with Saint Madeleine and the Virgin at his feet
Notable people linked to the commune
- Saint Udaut, priest and martyr
- Peire Autier, Albigensian leader
- Louis Gareau, General of the Armies of the Republic and the Empire
- Gatien Marcailhou, composer and "inventor" of the waltz. He was the first teacher of Gabriel Fauré. His most famous composition, Indiana, inspired Camille Claudel in his group La Valse.
- Pierre Bertrand de Mérignon
- Pierre Roussel, writer and doctor, born in Ax-les-Thermes.