Sir Archdale Wilson, 1st Baronet was a distinguished soldier in the British Indian Army, who fought at the siege of Bharatpur in 1825-6, and was commended for his part in the capture of Delhi when that city staged a rebellion against British colonial government, being made K.C.B. 17 November 1853, and created a baronet 8 January 1858.
After training at the HonourableEast India Company'smilitary college at Addiscombe, Wilson was commissioned in the Bengal Artillery aged eighteen. Reaching India in 1819 he subsequently saw active service in the siege of Bharatpur and during the Second Sikh War. As an artilleryman Wilson was appointed to staff positions which included adjutant-general of the Bengal Artillery and superintendent of the Cossipore foundry.
In 1857 Wilson was serving as Brigadier Commandant of Bengal Artillery at Meerut, the regimental headquarters. This was the military station where the mutiny of the Bengal Army first broke out on 10 May 1857. Wilson was to be criticised for his inactivity in Meerut, enabling the bulk of the sepoy mutineers to escape to Delhi. Departing on 27 May, Wilson did however lead his column to victory over the mutineers in an action between Meerut and Delhi on the 30th, then joined with the Delhi Field Force, the commander of which, Sir Henry Barnard, died soon after, Wilson being selected in command on 17 July. Delhi was garrisoned by 30,000 fighting men, with Wilson being in command of a mere 7,000; assailed by the enemy, and in very poor health, Wilson nevertheless held his troops' position until, on 4 September, the siege train arrived from the Punjab. Delhi was then captured after six days of street fighting. Wilson subsequently commanded the whole of the Artillery at the siege of Lucknow in 1858, for which successes he was nominated in succession a Companion, Knight Commander, and Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath, created a baronet 8 January 1858 and was granted a pension of £1,000 by the East India Company.
Personal life
Wilson was married in 1842 to Ellen, daughter of Gen. Warren Hastings Leslie Frith, Commandant of the Bengal Artillery; they had no children, and he was succeeded in his baronetcy at his death in 1874 by his nephew, Roland, son of his eldest brother, Rear-Admiral George Knyvet Wilson, R.N.
