Arabhi
Arabhi or Aarabhi is a ragam in Carnatic music. It is a Janya raga, whose Melakarta raga is Shankarabharanam, 29th in the 72 Melakarta raga system.
Arabhi is a raga that dates back to 7 AD. Originally, it was called as pazhanthakkam in Ancient Tamil music.
Structure and Lakshana
Its structure is as follows :- Arohana| :
- Avarohana| :
It is a raga without much gamakas and frequency variations, relying instead on flat notes. The important point is the swara "ga" always comes very close to "ma" so when we sing the phrase "ma ga ri it sounds like "ma ma ri". Likewise the swara "ni" always comes very close to the swara "sa" hence when we sing the phrase "sa ni da" it sounds like "sa sa da".
The closest raga to this one is Devagandhari. There are few aspects which make Arabhi different.
- In Arabhi the swara "ga" is close to "ma" but in Devagandhari it is not the same.
- The swara "ri" is not fluctuated in Arabhi but it is given "asaivu" in Devagandhari
- The phrase "pa ma da sa" should not be sung in Arabhi, as it is exclusive for Devagandhari
- Devagandhari is sung with gamakas and vilambita kala prayogas
- Devagandhari is sung with deergha gandharam
Popular Compositions
The 3rd of Pancharatna Kritis, Sadhinchanae by Saint Thyagaraja is a famous composition set in Arabhi raga. Here we can note that Thyagaraja uses phrases like "sa sa da" in the charanam although there are phrases like "sa ni da" also.Here are some more compositions set to Arabhi.
Type | Composition | Composer | talam |
Varnam | Sarasija Mukhiro | Pallavi Doraiswamy Iyer | Adi |
Varnam | Annamae aravaa | Tiger Varadachariar | Adi |
Varnam | Amba Gauri | Irayimman Thampi | Adi |
Kriti | Lalisidalu Magana | Purandara Dasaru | Adi |
Kriti | Saadinchane O Manasa | Thyagaraja | Adi |
Kriti | Chaala kallalaadu | Thyagaraja | Adi |
Kriti | O Rajeevaksha | Thyagaraja | Chapu |
Kriti | Nada sudha rasa | Thyagaraja | Rupakam |
Kriti | Patiki Mangala | Thyagaraja | Adi |
Kriti | Ganarajena rakshitoham | Muthuswamy Dikshitar | Chapu |
Kriti | Sri Saraswati namostute | Muthuswami Dikshitar | Rupakam |
Kriti | Shwetaranyeshwaram | Muthuswami Dikshitar | Adi |
Kriti | Adipuriswaram | Muthuswami Dikshitar | Adi |
Kriti | Marakoti koti lavanya | Muthuswami Dikshitar | Jhampa |
Kriti | Palayashumam Paradevate | Syama Sastri | Triputa |
Kriti | Paahi Parvata Nandini | Swathi Thirunal | Adi |
Kriti | Vande Maheswaram | Swathi Thirunal | Misra Chapu |
Kriti | Narasimham Mamava | Swathi Thirunal | Khanda Chapu |
Kriti | Sri Ramana Vibho | Swathi Thirunal | Aadi |
Kriti | Madhu kaitabha | Muthiah Bhagavathar | Adi |
Kriti | Durga Lakshmi Saraswati | Papanasam Sivan | Adi |
Kriti | Maravanu ne ninnu | G. N. Balasubramaniam | Rupakam |
Kriti | Sri Sakala Ganadhipa | Dr M. Balamuralikrishna | Adi |
Kriti | Mahadeva Sutham | Dr. M. Balamuralikrishna | Adi |
Kriti | Mahâ Balavantâ Sri Hanumantâ | Kalyani Varadarajan | Adi |