Antiphilosophy


Antiphilosophy has been used as a denigrating word but recently it has acquired more positive connotations as an opposition to more traditional philosophy.
The views of Ludwig Wittgenstein, specifically his metaphilosophy, could be said to be antiphilosophy. Pyrrhonism has also been considered an antiphilosophy.
Antiphilosophy is anti-theoretical, critical of a priori justifications, and
sees philosophical problems as misconceptions that are to be therapeutically dissolved.

Antiphilosophy and Wittgenstein's metaphilosophy

In a New York Times opinion piece, Paul Horwich points to Wittgenstein's rejection of philosophy as traditionally and currently practiced and his "insistence that it can't give us the kind of knowledge generally regarded as its raison d'être".
Horwich goes on to argue that:
Horwich concludes that, according to Wittgenstein,
philosophy "must avoid theory-construction and instead be merely 'therapeutic,' confined to exposing the irrational assumptions on which theory-oriented investigations are based and the irrational conclusions to which they lead".
Moreover, these antiphilosophical views are central to Wittgenstein, Horwich argues.

Examples of antiphilosophical positions

Ethics

The antiphilosopher could argue that, with regard to ethics, there is only practical, ordinary reasoning. Therefore, it is wrong to a priori superimpose overarching ideas of what is good for philosophical reasons. For example, it is wrong to blanketly assume that only happiness matters, as in utilitarianism. This is not to say though that some utilitarian-like argument can't be valid when it comes to what is right in some particular case.

Continuum hypothesis

Consider the continuum hypothesis, stating that there is no set with size strictly between the size of the natural numbers and the size of the real numbers. One idea is that the set universe ought to be rich, with many sets, which leads to the continuum hypothesis being false. This richness argument, the antiphilosopher might argue, is purely philosophical, and groundless, and therefore should be dismissed; maintaining that the continuum hypothesis should be settled by mathematical arguments. In particular it could be the case that the question isn't mathematically meaningful or useful, that the hypothesis is neither true, nor false. It is then wrong to stipulate, a priori and for philosophical reasons, that the continuum hypothesis is true or false.