Anterior olfactory nucleus


The anterior olfactory nucleus is a portion of the forebrain of vertebrates.
It is involved in olfaction
and has supposedly strong influence on other olfactory areas like the olfactory bulb and the piriform cortex.

Structure

The AON is found behind the olfactory bulb and in front of the piriform cortex and olfactory tubercle in a region often referred to as the olfactory peduncle or retrobulbar area. The peduncle contains the AON as well as two other much smaller regions, the taenia tecta and the dorsal peduncular cortex.

Function

The AON plays a pivotal but relatively poorly understood role in the processing of odor information.
Odors enter the nose and interact with the cilia of olfactory receptor neurons. The information is sent via the olfactory nerve to the olfactory bulb. After the processing in the bulb the signal is transmitted caudally via the axons of mitral and tufted cells in the lateral olfactory tract. The tract forms on the ventrolateral surface of the brain and passes through the AON, continuing on to run the length of the piriform cortex, while synapsing in both regions. The AON distributes the information to the contralateral olfactory bulb and piriform cortex as well as engaging in reciprocal interactions with the ipsilateral bulb and cortex. Therefore, the AON is positioned to regulate information flow between nearly every region where odor information processing occurs.

Components

The AON is composed of two separate structures: