Andrzej Gawroński


Andrzej Gawroński was a Polish Indologist, linguist and polyglot. Professor of Jagiellonian University and Lwów University,, the author of the first Polish handbook on Sanskrit, founder of Polish Oriental Society.

Life

He was the son of Franciszek Rawita-Gawroński and Antonina Miłkowska, and the grandson of Teodor Tomasz Jeż. He attended an elementary school in Lwów and secondary schools in Przemyśl and Lwów. He graduated in Linguistics from the University of Lwów and University of Leipzig. Suffered from pulmonary tuberculosis, which was the cause of his death at the age of 42.

Education

In 1906, Gawroński defended his doctoral thesis, Sprachliche Untersuchungen über das Mr.cchakat.ika und das Daśakumāracarita, at the University of Leipzig and became assistant professor in the Department of Indo-European Linguistics at the Jagiellonian University. In 1912 he completed his Habilitationschrift Am Rande des Mr.cchakat.ika and was promoted to the rank of associate professor. In the years 1916-1917 he took the chair in the Department of Sanskrit Philology at the Jagiellonian University. From 1917 full professor and Head of the Department of Contrastive Linguistics at the University of Lwów. He gave lectures on the history and language of Sanskrit drama, contrastive grammar of Indo-European languages and Old-Indian philology.

Languages

Gawroński was one of the greatest Polish polyglots. He certainly knew 60 foreign languages, but his contemporaries, friends and scientists, claimed he knew many more. Once, being persistently pestered to reveal the truth, Gawroński replied: "I can speak and write in 40 languages and understand and read in about 100." This means that he could have known 140 languages, among which there were many African, Asian, European, modern and extinct ones. In the library left after his death there were books in dozens of languages. In the vast majority of them there were his notes in the margins, always in the language the book was written in.

Honors

Gawroński was a member of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences, as well as the Scientific Society in Lwów, the Society of Friends of Polish Language, Polish Oriental Society. In 1925 he was decorated with the Order of Poland Restored . Also, he initiated the activity of the “Eastern Library” at the Ossolinski National Institute in Lwów and the “Annual of Oriental Studies” and the Institute of Oriental Studies at the University of Lwów.

Publications

Gawroński is the author of numerous publications. Here are some of them:
Gawroński's Polish handbook of Sanskrit has remained the fundamental academic textbook of Sanskrit in Poland.