On his return to Australia in 1996, McGowan was Lecturer in New Testament and Early Christianity at the University of Notre Dame Australia in Fremantle. In 1998 he was appointed Assistant Professor in Early Christian History at the Episcopal Divinity School in Cambridge, Massachusetts, being promoted to associate professor in 1999. He returned to Trinity College as director of its theological school in 2003. After serving as acting warden in 2005 and 2006, he was appointed seventh Warden of Trinity College in January 2007. In October 2012, he was elected one of the ten foundation professors of the MCD University of Divinity, Australia's first specialist university. During this time he was a member of the chapter of St Paul's Cathedral, Melbourne, and a clerical member of the General Synod of the Anglican Church of Australia. In July 2014, McGowan returned to the United States to succeed Joseph H. Britton in the post of dean and president of the Berkeley Divinity School at Yale and Associate Dean for Anglican Studies at Yale Divinity School. He was also appointed J. L. Caldwell McFaddin and Rosine B. McFaddin Professor of Anglican Studies by the president and fellows of Yale University from July 2014.
Research
McGowan's research interests centre on ancient Christianity, especially the Eucharist, sacrifice, food and meals in antiquity, early North African Christianity, and on Anglican theology. He has also been a commentator on aspects of higher education and religion in contemporary society, including such forums as the ABC's The Drum, the news column of the Biblical Archaeology Society called "Bible History Daily" and SkyNews. He is a Christian socialist.
Select publications
Ancient and Modern: Anglican Essays on the Bible, the Church, and the World, 2015.
Ancient Christian Worship: Early Church Practices in Social, Historical, and Theological Perspective. Also published in Italian translation as Il Culto Cristiano dei Primi Secoli
"Tertullian, Paul, and Christology" in Todd D. Still and David E. Wilhite, Tertullian & Paul, pp. 1–15
Method and Meaning: Essays on New Testament Interpretation in Honor of Harold W. Attridge, ed. Andrew B. McGowan and Kent Harold Richards
"Eucharist and Sacrifice: Cultic Tradition and Transformation in Early Christian Ritual Meals" in M. Klinghardt and H. Taussig, Mahl und religiöse Identität im frühen Christentum: Meals and Religious Identity in Early Christianity, TANZ 56, pp. 191–206
"The Ancient Limits of Modern Religion: Perpetua, Augustine and the Construction of the Secular", Pacifica 23 : 267-80
"God in Early Latin Theology: Tertullian and the Trinity" in Andrew B. McGowan, Brian E. Daley SJ, and Timothy J. Gaden, God in Early Christian Thought: Essays in Memory of Lloyd G. Patterson, pp. 61–83
"Tertullian and the ‘Heretical’ Origins of the ‘Orthodox’ Trinity," Journal of Early Christian Studies 14 : 437–57
"Food, Ritual, and Power" in Virginia Burrus, A People’s History of Christianity 2: Late Ancient Christianity, pp. 145–64
Ascetic Eucharists: Food and Drink in Early Christian Ritual Meals