Ilyankova was injured at the beginning of the 2017 season, competing only on Bars at the Russian Championships and missing a spot on the Jesolo and European Championships team. Instead, she made her debut at the Osijek World Cup, competing only on Uneven Bars and Balance Beam, winning gold and silver respectively. She later competed at the Russian Cup, winning the Bars title. Her victory in Uneven Bars earned her a place on the provisional Russian 2017 World Championships team to Montreal, Canada. It was later announced that Ilyankova had undergone a spinous process injury, causing pain in her training and that her participation at the World Championships would be dependent on whether or not she would be ready in time. Ilyankova was prepared for the competition, and traveled to Montréal with the team for the World Championships. She qualified to the uneven bars final with a score of 15.066, less that a tenth of a point behind Elena Eremina and beating teammate Angelina Melnikova for the second spot. In the final, her foot hit the bar on her Shang release, leading her to take fourth place behind Nina Derwael of Belgium, Eremina, and Fan Yilin of China.
2018
In April, Ilyankova competed at the 2018 City of Jesolo trophy event in Italy. She earned a gold medal with the Russian team, a bronze in the all-around behind USA's Ragan Smith and Emma Malabuyo, and gold on the uneven bars, ahead of Smith and teammate Angelina Melnikova. She also finished eighth on balance beam.
2019
Ilyankova competed at the 2019 Russian Artistic Gymnastics Championships where she placed first on uneven bars. As a result she was chosen to compete at the 2019 European Championships alongside Angelina Simakova, Angelina Melnikova, and Maria Paseka. A week later she competed at the Baku World Cup. She qualified in first place to the uneven bars final. In the finals she finished in second place behind Lyu Jiaqi of China. At the Doha World Cup she qualified to the uneven bars final in third place behind Nina Derwael of Belgium and Fan Yilin of China. In the uneven bars finals, she once again placed third behind Derwael and Fan. At the European Championships Ilyankova qualified to the uneven bars final in fourth place. During event finals, she performed a clean routine and placed first ahead of Melnikova and Alice D'Amato of Italy, becoming a European Champion on the event. In June Ilyankova was named as Aliya Mustafina's replacement for the European Games; she competed alongside Angelina Melnikova and Aleksandra Shchekoldina. During qualifications she finished third on uneven bars behind Becky Downie of Great Britain and Nina Derwael of Belgium, qualifying to the event final. She later had to withdraw from the event final due to an allergic reaction. In August Ilyankova competed at the Russian Cup where she finished fourth on the uneven bars behind Daria Spiridonova, Vladislava Urazova, and Melnikova. In November she competed at the Cottbus World Cup where she placed sixth on the uneven bars.
2020
Ilyankova competed at the Baku World Cup; during qualifications she finished second on uneven bars behind Fan Yilin and qualified to the event finals. However event finals were canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Azerbaijan.
