Allegany State Park
Allegany State Park is a state park in western New York State, located in Cattaraugus County just north of the Allegheny National Forest in Pennsylvania. The park is divided into two sections: The Red House Area and the Quaker Run Area. It lies within the Allegheny Highlands forests ecoregion.
The Red House Area is the northeastern half of Allegany State Park. The Red House area's attractions include Stone Tower, the Summit Fire Tower, Red House Lake, Bridal Falls, and the Art Roscoe Ski Area. This section also contains of paved bike trails and 130 camp sites. The Red House area is the location of the Administration Building for the park.
The Quaker area is the southwestern section of the park. Its attractions include Quaker Lake, the Mount Tuscarora Fire Tower, hiking trails, Science lake, Bear Caves, Thunder Rocks, the Quaker Amphitheater, and several campsites. The Cain Hollow campground is located on the Quaker side of the park.
Allegany State Park was named as a top "Amazing Spot" in the nation in 2007. It has also been referred to as "the wilderness playground of Western New York."
History
The Allegany State Park began on May 2, 1921, when an Act of the New York State Legislature approved the purchase of two tracts of land in the Quaker Run Valley. The act provided $25,000 in state funds for the purchase of land, provided that an equal amount in private funds be raised first. The first tract, consisting of of land belonging to the heirs of Amasa Stone, was purchased for $31,500 on June 18, 1921. The second tract consisted of of land and buildings adjacent to the Stone Estate. The price for this property was $4,300. The park was formally dedicated on July 30, 1921.Senator Albert T. Fancher was appointed by New York Governor Nathan Lewis Miller to head a five-member team to develop a vast park that continues to grow to this day. Fancher is known as the "Father of Allegany State Park," and the seven Fancher Cottages in Allegany State Park are named after him.
A converted schoolhouse served as the park's first administration building, and World War I Army surplus tents on wooden platforms were primarily used during the time between the park's creation until the completion of the first permanent cabins in 1925.
The first State Park Bond Issue was passed in 1924, and provided funds for the development of the Redhouse Area, including the construction of the Redhouse Administration Building and the building of the Redhouse Dam, which created Redhouse Lake.
In 1926, Science Lake was built and offered the first official swimming area in the park. Adjoining the lake was the Allegany School Of Natural History, a group of 42 cabins, and a main building housing a library, several science laboratories, and an assembly room.
The park was developed extensively between 1933 and 1942 when the Civilian Conservation Corps took on the project of building roads, bridges, camping areas, trails, picnic areas and a ski resort. The CCC were also responsible for numerous conservation projects from reforestation to stream bank retention and wildlife improvements.
Through the years, the park was developed further with the addition of Quaker Lake, winterized cabins and full service cottages, hiking and snowmobile trails, picnic and recreation areas, bike and horse paths, and better roads enabling people to access the park. A ski facility was constructed in the park in the 1930s; the Bova ski area, which featured traditional alpine skiing and ski jumps, closed down in 1980 because of disrepair.
By the 1960s, Allegany State Park had expanded to the point where it covered almost all of the towns of Red House and Elko, as well as much of the town of Carrollton. During this time, two major projects along the Allegheny River, the Kinzua Dam to the south and the Southern Tier Expressway to the north, were underway, and the state of New York attempted to evict those who remained in Elko and Red House through eminent domain using those projects as a pretense; what usable land that remained would be integrated into the park or handed to the Seneca Nation of Indians as compensation. Elko was successfully vacated and dissolved, but many of the remaining residents of Red House, among them the family of Pro Bowl fullback Marv Hubbard, managed to fight their evictions. To this day, a small northwestern corner of Allegany State Park is notched out, with 14 houses still privately held by 38 residents. The state maintains a standing offer to the residents of Red House to buy out their property should it ever be abandoned.
Dance halls
Among some of the park's rich history is the Old Quaker Dance Hall. The dance hall was located off ASP 3 across the creek from the Quaker Inn, near the Brow Cabin Trail and the Quaker Maintenance Area, and was torn down in 2002 due to its poor condition. Many dances occurred here through the Great Depression era into the mid-20th century. Bands would play live music at the hall while scores of people danced on the large dance floor.The Redhouse Dance Pavilion was located along Redhouse Lake, near the beach parking lot. The old dance hall was built upon the concrete barn floor of a farmer,, that formerly owned the land. As with the Quaker Dance Hall, weekend dances were held at the Redhouse Dance hall throughout the summer, from the 1920s through the rock & roll era.
The Redhouse Dance Pavilion was last used for an Independence Day dance in 1973. The building then housed a game room until it was torn down in 1984. The Redhouse Miniature Golf Course was later built on the same concrete floor; that facility was torn out in the late 2000s and the site is currently a vacant lot, with only the overhead lights remaining.
New Ireland
Also a part of the history is the settlement of New Ireland which was formed in the mid 19th Century by a small group of Irish settlers who had fled the pains of the Potato Famine. It is near Limestone but within the boundaries of Allegany State Park. The village since was incorporated into Limestone, and no longer exists. Ruins of the old village are still visible and are accessible from the Limestone Run Road.Park fire towers
Due to the danger of forest fires, and the damage caused by them in New York State Parks, three fire lookout towers were constructed. The first; Summit Fire Tower; was completed in 1926. It stands tall. The other fire towers were at Mt. Tuscarora Fire Tower located in the Quaker Area, and the Mt. Irvine Fire Tower, located in the Rice Brook area. The Mt. Tuscarora Fire Tower still stands today, near Quaker Lake. The Mt. Irvine Fire Tower, however, was disassembled by the park and moved near the Bradford, Pennsylvania entrance. When all the fire towers were abandoned in favor of aerial surveillance in 1971, the Mt. Irvine tower was the only one taken down by park personnel in the early 1970s. It was saved however, when reassembled by a BOCES class in Ellicottville.Gas lease
Contained within the park off France Brook Road is a large storage pool for natural gas. Formerly a large gas well, the Limestone Storage Pool is operated by National Fuel Gas Supply Corporation. National Fuel leases rights to maintain and operate over 20 wells it uses to store and regulate the natural gas it stores in the massive underground sandstone deposit. The storage pool is connected to the "K" line, which is a diameter gas pipeline that runs from Buffalo, New York to Eldred, Pennsylvania. The pool is regulated by equipment located in a compression station situated on the access road near the Bova Ski Area and Camp Allegany. The gas stored in this pool is used by the park, and by local industries requiring high-pressure, high-volume gas supply. The rest of the gas is used on the K line for distribution in New York and Pennsylvania.A master plan, adopted in 2010, provides protection from oil and gas drilling within the park.
Park roads
The park uses a system of three main roads linking the Red House area and the Quaker Run area, and serving as major thoroughfares in the Red House and Quaker Run Areas.- Allegany State Park Route 1 runs north-to-south through the middle of the park. ASP Route 1 runs between the park's entrance from exit 21 of the Southern Tier Expressway in Salamanca, to its intersection with ASP Route 3 in the Quaker Run Area near the Quaker Rental Office. ASP Route 1 also intersects with ASP Route 2 by Redhouse Lake. Winding ASP Route 1, historically known as Stoddard Road before the park was constructed, is shut down and used only as a snowmobile trail during the winter. The route becomes New York State Route 951M at the park's northern border.
- Allegany State Park Route 2 runs west to east along the northern part of the park and then north to south along the eastern side of the park. ASP Route 2 runs from exit 19 of the Southern Tier Expressway in the town of Red House, New York to its intersection with ASP Route 3 at the Bradford, Pennsylvania, entrance of the park. ASP Route 2 also intersects with ASP Route 1 by Redhouse Lake. ASP Route 2 to ASP Route 3 is the sole automobile road between Red House and Quaker Run within Allegany State Park during the winter.
- Allegany State Park Route 3 runs west to east from the southern terminus of ASP Route 2 near the Bradford entrance to New York State Route 280 at the park's Quaker Run entrance in Coldspring. ASP Route 3 to ASP Route 2 is the sole automobile road between Red House and Quaker Run during the winter.
- Allegany State Park Route 2A runs along the southern shore of Red House Lake between ASP Route 1 and ASP Route 2.
- Quaker Lake Road runs from its intersection with ASP Route 3 around the North East side of Quaker Lake to just past the Quaker Beach.
- Cain Hollow Road goes from Quaker Lake Road into the Cain Hollow Campground.
- Friends Boat Launch Access Road is entered from outside the park, off NY 280, about north of the Quaker Entrance. This road leads to the boat launch onto the Allegheny Reservoir near the site of the old "Tunesassa School".
- Bay State Road runs from ASP Route 1, about midpoint between Red House Lake and ASP3 past the former Big Basin Ski Area, north through the hamlet of Red House, and connects with ASP Route 2 just outside the park near I-86. Bay State Road cannot be navigated from end-to-end; it is only usable by snowmobile during the winter months and is gated off just south of Red House during the summer so as not to disturb the 38 remaining permanent residents of Red House. Bay State Road is maintained year-round by the town of Red House from the hamlet northward, as are two other roads in the hamlet, Lonkto Hollow Road and Beck Road.
- France Brook Road runs from ASP Route 2 near Group Camp 10, about south of Red House Lake, to ASP Route 1 near Bay State Road.
- Ridge Run Road starts at its intersection with ASP Route 2 and follows a ridge north to Thunder Rocks. Ridge Run Road is the main entrance to Thunder Rocks.
- Limestone Run Road goes from its intersection with ASP Route 2 to the village of Limestone on the eastern side of Allegany. About midway this road intersects with Ridge Run Road. Limestone Run Road serves as the eastern entrance to Allegany State Park from Limestone during the summer.
- Coon Run Road runs south from its intersection with ASP Route 3 into the state of Pennsylvania and the Allegheny National Forest. The road is gated at the New York-Pennsylvania border during the summer.
- Wolf Run Road is entered outside the park from NY 280. It follows a southerly course towards the state of Pennsylvania and the Allegheny National Forest, ending about one mile northwest of the border. Wolf Run Road was originally built for the town of Elko, which by 1965 had been forcibly evacuated and assimilated into the park. Nothing of note is on Wolf Run Road.
- Holt Run Road is entered from NY 280 about north of the Quaker Entrance, across from the Friends Boat Launch.
- Bova Ski Hill Access Road diverges from ASP Route 2 at the fork in the road about 1/2 mile South of Red House Lake and runs east for about past the former Red House garbage dump to the old Bova Ski Area. Bova was a state-operated ski resort featuring alpine skiing and the region's only ski jumps; the resort, named after the Beauvais family who previously owned the property, operated from the 1930s to 1980.
- Stone Tower Access Road is a loop that runs from ASP Route 1 past the Art Rosco Ski Area around Stone Tower and back to ASP Route 1.
- The roads within the cabin trails, with the exception of the steep Ryan trail, are dirt roads maintained during the winter to allow access to the cabins.
Administration building
The Administration Building also has a sitting room with a large bay window overlooking Red House Lake. This room is used for functions and meetings, and is equipped with two wood-burning fireplaces. The gift shop is operated by J-Con Parks, Inc. The rental office, gift shop, museum, and Park Police Station are located on the main level of the building. The restaurant, Allegany Regional Offices of NYSOPRHP, and park offices are located on the upper level of the building. The basement includes offices and storage.
Old Quaker Store Museum
Opened in 1996, the Old Quaker Store Museum features exhibits about the park's history, natural history and development. The museum is located in Salamanca, New York.Hiking trails
Allegany State Park offers 18 hiking trails of various lengths and difficulties available for use year round. Six of the trails are part of the Art Roscoe Ski Touring Area. The trails within this system are groomed for cross-country skiing during the winter months, and are unavailable for hiking. The Ridgerun trail, which is part of the system, features a lean-to. The Art Roscoe trails are located near Summit in the Red House Area. In addition to these trails, The Allegheny Highlands Snowmobile and Horse Trail begins in the park off ASP 2. Another unique bragging right the park has is that the famous North Country Trail passes through it. The North Country Trail is a 4000+ mile trail that spans through New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and terminates in North Dakota. Allegany State Park's section of the trail includes 4 lean-tos, two in the Quaker Area, and the other two in the Red House area. The Black Snake Mountain trail is also unique due to its direct contact with the Pennsylvania state line. One of the attractions on this trail is a concrete marker shows the exact line where New York and Pennsylvania meet. It is short enough that one could sit on the marker, and be in two states at once. Many other attractions are viewable on or from the trails listed below. In the Quaker Area, the Tornado Trail tours the damage area caused by an F-1 Tornado on August 28, 1990. Though much of the area has regrown, the path that was cut by the tornado is still visible; it was 1 of 4 to occur that day in Western New York. Here is a list of the hiking trails and their lengths. Each trail in the list is preceded by its longitude and latitude geographic coordinates :Listing of hiking trails
- -78.872167, 42.042833, Mt. Tuscarora trail - Fire Tower
- -78.800333, 42.009667, Bear Caves trail - Mt. Seneca
- -78.775000, 42.003167, Black Snake Mountain trail
- -78.827000, 42.013333, Three Sisters trail
- -78.799500, 42.033333, Bear Springs trail
- -78.744167, 42.096667, Beehunter trail
- -78.741667, 42.106667, Osgood trail
- -78.752000, 42.105000, Red Jacket trail
- -78.778000, 42.105000, North Country Trail
- -78.749333, 42.100000, Conservation Trail
- -78.704167, 42.125000, Patterson trail
- -78.691667, 42.120000, Ridgerun trail
- -78.690667, 42.120333, Leonard Run Loop
- -78.694167, 42.123833, Christian Hollow Loop
- -78.698333, 42.125000, Sweetwater trail
- -78.863333, 42.046667, Flagg trail
- -78.766667, 42.052833, Eastwood Meadows trail
- -78.704167, 42.125000, Snowsnake Run
Program sites
In addition to the hiking trails, the park has set up 71 program sites which are used to direct park visitors to specific sites where the park naturalist staff conducts walks and other programs. The park publishes a Recreation Activities Bulletin which informs park visitors of the programs taking place in the published time period. The sites are numbered, with numbers corresponding to an attached map. When a program is conducted, park patrons are directed to meet at one of these specific places at the specified time. Examples of activities and their program site include a tour of a Beaver colony- Site 28, bike & hike to Bridal Falls- Site 60, tour of the Bear Caves- Site 42, tour of Thunder Rocks- Site 35, night owl walk- Site 32, etc.Cabin trails
Cabin Trails are clusters of cabins accessible by dirt roads. Each trail usually has centrally located pit toilets or bathrooms with flush toilets, while shower facilities are more widely separated. All cabin trails in the Red House area have a dedicated shower house within the trail. The park rents 375 cabins on the trails listed below, 150 of them winterized. The cabin trails are:Red House area cabin trails
- -78.748573, 42.097695, Anderson
- -78.748731, 42.109869, Sugarbush
- -78.742612, 42.106411, McIntosh
- -78.737509, 42.094601, Beehunter
- -78.723352, 42.096392, Congdon
- -78.714923, 42.084279, Ryan
- -78.704998, 42.125828, Summit
Red House cabin area notes
There are some cabins that have one room plus a kitchenette in them. These are the cabins on Sugarbush and Congdon Trails. Newer three room cabins in the Red House area are located at: all of Summit Trail, Anderson Trail #'s 1, 1A, 7, 15, 16, all of MacIntosh Trail. All of Beehunter Trail are even larger three room cottages. There are also older large four room cabins with fireplaces on Ryan Trail.
Electricity: The only cabins in the Red House area of the park that do not have electrical power or refrigerators are MacIntosh #'s 1, 3, 5, 20, 22, and 26.
Flush toilets and showers: All Cabin Trails in the Red House area have centrally located Flush toilets are also available in both the Red House and Beehunter Picnic Areas, the Red House Bathhouse, and the Red House Administration Building.
Winter rentals: All cabins in the Red House area are available year-round.
Quaker area cabin trails
- -78.842234, 42.020100, Weller
- -78.838036, 42.017306, Barton
- -78.830018, 42.011830, Ranger
- -78.828303, 42.011074, Pinetree
- -78.823084, 42.008992, Brow
- -78.823317, 42.015463, Ward
- -78.822524, 42.008965, Coon
- -78.823379, 42.011037, Diehl
- -78.822295, 42.011202, Hamlin
- -78.817440, 42.010957, Gypsy
- -78.815892, 42.011329, Horseshoe
- -78.815005, 42.011315, Reed
- -78.814186, 42.010855, Indian
- -78.814011, 42.011500, McCabe
- -78.812688, 42.011756, Angle
- -78.811019, 42.011471, Fancher Cottage Trail
- -78.809214, 42.011500, Buffalo
- -78.808566, 42.011290, Parallel
- -78.802848, 42.010129, Creekside
- -78.799062, 42.008980, Kaiser
- -78.834701, 42.014405, Taft
- -78.798044, 42.009154, Stony
Tent and trailer areas
In the Red House Area there is the Red House Tent and Trailer Area; Quaker Area has the Diehl Tent and Trailer Trailer Area, and the Cain Hollow Camping Area. Between the three, 424 sites are available for tent or trailer use.
The Red House Tent and Trailer Area is situated along Stoddard Creek. Its entrance is on ASP1, across from the Redhouse General Store. This campground contains 5 loops; Loops A, B, C & D, and E. Loop A and a few sites on the remaining 4 loops are non electric sites. All of the loops are interconnected by dirt roads.
The Cain Hollow Camping Area is located in Cain Hollow, off Quaker Lake Road, about east of Quaker Entrance to Allegany State Park on ASP 3. This campground has 4 loops; Loops A, B, C, and D. Many sites are equipped with an electrical hookup, and have central bathrooms. Water Taps are located throughout the campground and on the Bathhouses.
Cain Hollow loop A is entirely out in the open, and separate from the other 3 Loops, it is set up more for Trailers than Tenting. Loops B, C, and D are mostly Tree'd lots. Cain Hollow was recently renovated and all the bathhouses are new, with three automatic flush toilets and two showers in each, one of which in each is accessible to people with mobility issues.
There is a Trailer Dumping station on the main road near Site 55. All Roads are paved, with partial paved/gravel driveways for campsites. All sites are 'back-in' sites, there are no 'pull-thru' sites.
Cain Hollow Campground is only open during summer months, from mid-May until mid-October.
Diehl Tent and Trailer Trail sits beside English Creek, running parallel with ASP1 just east of the Quaker Inn. This camping trail also has 8 cabins on it, and is a single loop with 22 non-electric sites and a bath and shower house at the trail head.
Gift Cards can also be purchased for camping purposes. Gift cards can be purchased and redeemed at most New York State Parks.