Alberto Juantorena


Alberto Juantorena is a Cuban former runner. He is the only athlete to win both the 400 and 800 m Olympic titles, which he achieved in 1976. He was ranked as world's best runner in the 400 m in 1974 and 1976–1978, and in the 800 m in 1976–77, and was chosen as the Track & Field News Athlete of the Year in 1976 and 1977.

Biography

Early sports activities

As a 14-year-old, Juantorena was first considered a potential star at basketball; he was sent to a state basketball school, and was a member of the national team. Meanwhile, he had been a regional high-school champion at 800 and 1500 meters. His running talent was discovered by a Polish track coach, Zygmunt Zabierzowski, who convinced him to start running seriously. Juantorena was ready for the change because as he states himself he was a 'bad' basketball player and his idol was the Cuban sprinter Enrique Figuerola. Only a year later, Juantorena reached semifinals of the 400 m event at the 1972 Summer Olympics.
Juantorena proceeded to win a gold medal at the 1973 World University Games and a silver at the 1975 Pan American Games, both in the 400 meters. He was unbeaten in 1973 and 1974, but underwent two operations on his foot in 1975. He only seriously took up running the 800 meters in 1976, so few thought he was a candidate for the Olympic gold that year. His coach, Zabierzowski, had initially tricked him in to trying an 800 m race by convincing him the other runners needed a pacemaker.

Olympics 1976

Juantorena made it to the 800m Olympic final, and led the field for most of the race, eventually winning in a world record time of 1:43.50. He was the first non-English speaking athlete to win Olympic gold in this event. Three days later, he also won the 400 meter final, setting a low-altitude world record at 44.26. By winning the 400 meters, he became the first athlete since Paul Pilgrim at the 1906 Intercalated Games to do such a double at an Olympic sports event, and was the only man to do so at an officially recognized Olympics.

Subsequent athletics career

In 1977, he set another world record in the 800, running 1:43.44 in Sofia at the World University Games. He also won both the 400 m and 800 m at the 1977 IAAF World Cup. The 400 m race was mired in controversy when the race was re-run a day after the initial race, in which Juantorena finished third, because Juantorena lodged a successful protest that his slow start had been due to not being able to hear the starter's gun. The latter race featured an epic duel with his great rival Kenya's Mike Boit, a duel that did not happen at the previous year's Olympics because of the African countries boycott.
Juantorena, now known at home as El Caballo, continued his career, although injuries meant he would never reach the same level as in Montreal. Juantorena had been born with flat feet that caused feet and back problems, and he had to have corrective surgery in 1977. In 1978 he was unbeaten at the 400 m, but suffered his first ever defeat at 800 meters. Injuries, particularly hamstring injuries, hampered his training and racing leading up to the 1980 Moscow Olympics, where he just missed out on a medal in the 400 meters, placing fourth.
At the 1983 World Championships, his last international appearance in a major event, he broke his foot and tore ligaments when he stepped on the inside of the track after qualifying in the first round of the 800 m. He returned to training with a view to competing in the 1984 Summer Olympics. However the 1984 Summer Olympics boycott ended his last chance for competing at Olympics. Instead, he took part in the Friendship Games, the alternative to the official Olympics for the Eastern bloc countries, where he shared the gold medal in the 800 m with Ryszard Ostrowski.

After retirement

After retirement from athletics in 1984, Juantorena has served in many official capacities, including as the Vice President of the National Institute for Sports, Physical Education and Recreation for Cuba, Vice Minister for Sport of Cuba, and Vice-President, later Senior Vice-President of the Cuban Olympic Committee. He is a member of the IAAF Council, and has also served as an Athletes' Commission Chairman and Grand Prix Commission Member.

Personal life

Juantorena is married to Yria, a former gymnast; they have five children. His nephew Osmany Juantorena is a professional volleyball player. Juantorena still daily runs about 10 kilometers and participates in marathons.

International competitions

1Representing the Americas
2Did not start in the semifinals

Rankings

Juantorena was ranked among the best in the world in both the 400 and 800 m sprint events over the incredible spread of 10 seasons from 1973 to 1982, according to the votes of the experts of Track & Field News.
Year400 m800 m
19733rd–
19741st–
19754th–
19761st1st
19771st1st
19781st6th
19795th–
198010th–
1981––
1982–2nd

Best performances

YearResultWorld rankLocationDate
197345.366thMoscow18 Aug
197444.71stTurin24 Jul
197544.802ndMexico City18 Oct
197644.261stMontreal29 Jul
197744.651stHavana13 Sep
197844.271stMedellin16 Jul
197945.2410thSan Juan12 Jul
198045.096thMoscow30 Jul
198245.5125thKoblenz25 Aug

YearResultWorld rankLocationDate
19761.43.501stMontreal25 Jul
19771.43.441stSofia21 Aug
19781.44.384thCologne22 Jun
19791.46.424thSan Juan9 Jul
19811.46.020thHavana4 Jul
19821.45.1514thHavana11 Aug
19831.45.0418thHavana17 Jun
19841.44.8822ndFlorence13 Jun

Cited sources