95th Reconnaissance Squadron
The 95th Reconnaissance Squadron is a squadron of the United States Air Force. It is assigned to the 55th Operations Group, Air Combat Command, stationed at Offutt Air Force Base, Nebraska. The squadron is equipped with several variants of the Boeing C-135 aircraft equipped for reconnaissance missions.
The 95th is one of the oldest units in the United States Air Force, first being organized as the 95th Aero Squadron on 20 August 1917 at Kelly Field, Texas. The squadron deployed to France and fought on the Western Front during World War I as a pursuit squadron.
During World War II the unit served in the Mediterranean Theater of Operations as part of Twelfth Air Force as a B-26 Marauder light bomber squadron, participating in the North African and the Southern France Campaign. In the Cold War, the squadron fought in the Korean War with Douglas B-26 Invader medium bombers, then later as part of Strategic Air Command, flying TR-1A Dragonlady reconnaissance aircraft supporting NATO.
Mission
Conducts RC-135 Rivet Joint flight operations in the European and Mediterranean theaters of operations as tasked by National Command Authorities and European Command. Provides all operational management, aircraft maintenance, administration, and intelligence support to produce politically sensitive real-time intelligence data vital to national foreign policy. Supports EC-135, OC-135 Open Skies, and Boeing E-4B missions when theater deployed.Although it is a component of the 55th Operations Group, main flying operations are conducted from RAF Mildenhall, United Kingdom and Souda Bay, Crete.
History
World War I
The 95th was originally activated as the 95th Aero Squadron on 20 August 1917 at Kelly Field in Texas. It deployed to various locations in France during World War I, initially at Issoudun Aerodrome. On 5 May 1918, it was assigned to the 1st Pursuit Group. Well-known pilots with the 95th Aero Squadron who perished in World War I included Lt. Quentin Roosevelt, the youngest son of President Theodore Roosevelt, and Irby Curry. Both of them died while the squadron was based in Saints Aerodrome, France. A number of aces also served with the unit, including Lansing Holden, Sumner Sewall, Harold Buckley, Edward Peck Curtis, James Knowles, and one of its commanding officers, Captain David M. Peterson.After the war ended on 11 November 1918, the 95th Aero Squadron was demobilized on 18 March 1919. As the 95th Pursuit Squadron it conducted bombing missions on the Clinton River to prevent flooding in communities near the river caused by an ice jam. As the 95th Attack Squadron, it flew reconnaissance missions in March 1938 to support flood relief operations in southern California.
Interwar years
The 95th Aero Squadron underwent various activations and inactivations over the years and experienced numerous name changes.World War II
During World War II, it was known as the 95th Bombardment Squadron and was a squadron in the 17th Bombardment Group that provided North American B-25 Mitchells and 6 crews for the Doolittle Raid and later flew the Martin B-26 Marauder in the Mediterranean Theater of Operations.Korean War
Reconnaissance operations
After being inactivated on 25 June 1958, it was redesignated as the 95th Reconnaissance Squadron on 20 January 1982 and reactivated at RAF Alconbury in the United Kingdom on 1 October 1982. It flew Lockheed U-2 and TR-1 aircraft in support of NATO and United States Air Forces Europe missions. After the end of the Cold War, the 95th was no longer needed and the unit was inactivated on 15 September 1993. This hiatus did not last long as the unit was reactivated on 1 July 1994 at RAF Mildenhall, this time flying the RC-135 Rivet Joint and OC-135 Open Skies aircraft.Lineage
- Organized as the 95th Aero Squadron on 20 August 1917
- Reconstituted and organized on 12 August 1919
- Redesignated 95th Pursuit Squadron and activated, on 1 June 1928
- Redesignated 95th Bombardment Squadron, Light on 29 April 1947
- Redesignated 95th Bombardment Squadron, Light, Night Intruder on 8 May 1952
- Redesignated 95th Reconnaissance Squadron on 20 January 1982
- Activated on 1 July 1994
Assignments
- Post Headquarters, Kelly Field, 20 August 1917
- Aviation Concentration Center, 30 September 1917
- Headquarters Air Service, AEF, 11–16 November 1917
- Third Aviation Instruction Center, 16 November 1917
- 1st Pursuit Organization Center, 16 February 1918
- 1st Pursuit Group, 5 May 1918
- 1st Air Depot, 11 December 1918
- Advanced Section Services of Supply, 6 February 1919
- Eastern Department, 1–18 March 1919
- 1st Pursuit Group, 12 August 1919
- Air Corps Training Center, c. 7 June-31 July 1927
- Unknown, 1 June 1928 – 30 May 1929
- 17th Pursuit Group, 31 May 1929 – 26 November 1945
- 17th Bombardment Group, 19 May 1947 – 10 September 1948
- 17th Bombardment Group, 10 May 1952 – 25 June 1958
- 17th Reconnaissance Wing, 1 October 1982
- 9th Strategic Reconnaissance Wing, 30 June 1991 – 15 September 1993
- 55th Operations Group, 1 July 1994 – present
Stations
- Kelly Field, Texas, 20 August 1917
- Hazelhurst Field, New York, 5–27 October 1917
- Liverpool, England, 10 November 1917
- British Rest Camp #2, Le Havre, France, 13 November 1917
- Issoudun Aerodrome, France, 16 November 1917
- Villeneuve-les-Vertus Aerodrome, France, 16 February 1918
- Epiez Aerodrome, France, 1 April 1918
- Gengault Aerodrome, Toul, France, 4 May 1918
- Touquin Aerodrome, France, 28 June 1918
- Saints Aerodrome, France, 9 July 1918
- Rembercourt Aerodrome, France, 2 September 1918
- Colombey-les-Belles Airdrome, France, 11 December 1918
- Brest, France, France, 6–19 February 1919
- Camp Mills, New York, 1 March 1919
- Mitchell Field, New York, 4–18 March 1919
- Selfridge Field, Michigan, 12 August 1919
- Kelly Field, Texas, 31 August 1919
- Ellington Field, Texas, 1 July 1921
- Selfridge Field, Michigan, 1 July 1922
- March Field, California, 7 June-31 July 1927
- Rockwell Field, California, 1 June 1928
- March Field, California, 29 October 1931
- Rockwell Field, California, 3 May 1932
- March Field, California, 14 May 1932
- Rockwell Field, California, 1 July 1932
- March Field, California, 9 August 1932
- Rentschler Field, Connecticut, 2 May 1938
- March Field, California, 20 May 1938, France, c. 21 November 1944
- Linz Airport, Austria, c. 14 June 1945
- Ebensee, Austria, 5 July 1945
- Clastres Airfield, France, c. 3 October-c. 17 November 1945
- Camp Myles Standish, Massachusetts, 25–26 November 1945
- Langley Field, Virginia, 19 May 1947 – 10 September 1948
- Pusan East Air Base, South Korea, 10 May 1952
- Miho Air Base, Japan, c. 9 October 1954 – c. 19 March 1955
- Hurlburt Field, Florida, 1 April 1955 – 25 June 1958
- RAF Alconbury, England, 1 October 1982 – 15 September 1993
- RAF Mildenhall, England, 1 July 1994 – present
Aircraft
- Nieuport 28, 1917–1918
- SPAD S.XIII, 1918, 1919
- Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.5, 1919–1922
- Thomas-Morse MB-3, 1922–1925
- Fokker D.VII, 1919–1925
- Dayton-Wright DH-4, 1919–1925
- Curtiss PW–8 Hawk, 1924–1926
- Curtiss P-1 Hawk, 1925–1927
- Boeing PW-9, 1928–1929
- Boeing P-12, 1929–1934, 1935–1936
- Boeing P-26 Peashooter, 1934–1935
- Northrop A-17, 1936–1939
- Douglas B-18 Bolo, 1939–1940
- Douglas B-23 Dragon, 1940–1941
- North American B-25 Mitchell, 1941–1942
- Martin B-26 Marauder, 1942–1945
- Douglas B-26 Invader, 1952–1956
- Douglas B-66 Destroyer, 1956–1958
- Lockheed U-2, 1991–1993
- Lockheed TR-1, 1991–1993
- Boeing RC-135U Combat Sent, 1994–present
- Boeing RC-135V Rivet Joint, 1994–present
- Boeing RC-135W Rivet Joint, 1994–present
- Boeing OC-135B Open Skies, 1994–present