2014 United States Grand Prix


The 2014 United States Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on 2 November at the Circuit of the Americas in Travis County near Austin, Texas. It was the 17th round of the 2014 Formula One World Championship and the 36th running of the event held as part of the series. The 56-lap race was won by Mercedes driver Lewis Hamilton after starting from second position. His teammate Nico Rosberg finished second and Red Bull driver Daniel Ricciardo was third. It was Hamilton's tenth victory of the season, his second at Austin, and the 32nd of his career.
Rosberg won the pole position by recording the fastest lap in qualifying and kept the lead on the first lap. The race was neutralised by the deployment of the safety car for four laps when Sergio Pérez, Adrian Sutil and Kimi Räikkönen made contact. During the first half of the race, Hamilton ran close behind teammate Rosberg to conserve fuel but braked heavily through portions of the track to prevent brake glazing. After the two Mercedes cars made their pit stops for tyre changes, Hamilton passed his teammate Rosberg for the lead on lap 24, and pulled away from his teammate to win the race and overtake Nigel Mansell for the most victories for a British driver in the history of Formula One.
In the week before the event, the Caterham and Marussia teams went into administration and were granted dispensation to miss the race, leaving the sport with nine entered teams, the lowest number since the 2005 Monaco Grand Prix. Hamilton's victory, his fifth in a row, moved him further clear from Rosberg atop the World Drivers' Championship, with Ricciardo's third-place finish eliminating him from title contention. Valtteri Bottas moved further ahead of Sebastian Vettel in fifth. Mercedes increased their unassailable lead in the World Constructors' Championship to 245 points over Red Bull while Williams moved further away from Ferrari in fourth with two races left in the season.

Background

The 2014 United States Grand Prix was the 17th of the 19 rounds of the 2014 Formula One World Championship, and the 36th running of the event as part of the series. It was held on 2 November at the 20-turn Circuit of the Americas in Travis County, Austin, Texas. The sport's governing body, the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile, elected to retain two drag reduction system activation zones from 2013: one was on the straight between turns 10 and 11, and the second was on the straight linking the final and first corners.
The circuit was changed after the 2013 race. At the request of motorcycling's governing body, the Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme, some sections of turn ten's asphalt run-off area were replaced by gravel and some light panels were mounted closer to the ground for improved visibility. Tyre supplier Pirelli brought the yellow-banded soft and white-banded medium dry compound tyres to the race, as opposed to the Hard and Medium tyres in 2012 and 2013. The event's official name was the 2014 Formula 1 United States Grand Prix.
Before the race, Mercedes driver Lewis Hamilton led the World Drivers' Championship with 291 points, ahead of teammate Nico Rosberg in second and Daniel Ricciardo third. Valtteri Bottas was in fourth place with 145 points, and Sebastian Vettel was two points behind in fifth. While the Drivers' Championship had not been won, Mercedes had won the World Constructors' Championship in the preceding Russian Grand Prix. Red Bull were in second place on 342 points; Williams and Ferrari were third and fourth and McLaren were fifth with 143 points.
After spending the majority of the season behind Rosberg, Hamilton had won the previous four races, converting a 29-point deficit into a 17-point lead over his teammate. With three races left in the season, Hamilton said he would prioritise not allowing any negative thoughts consume him and would take any opportunities presented to him: "We've just got to do our due diligence and work as hard as we can to make sure we don't have any problems." Hamilton hoped to achieve his fifth consecutive victory of the year: "A lot of the American side of my family come to the race, plus I won the first F1 GP at the circuit back in 2012 – it's a special one for me. I really enjoy going there and I'm looking forward to another great race." Rosberg aimed to improve on his best finish in Austin and reduce lower Hamilton's lead in the Drivers' Championship. He said Mercedes targeted "a big finish" to their season, declaring he would not concede defeat until the season's final round, and hoped to maintain the level of entertainment for the sport's fan base.
replaced Jean-Éric Vergne for the first free practice session for the second time in 2014.
After both Friday practice sessions, the FIA tested for the first time a new system called the Virtual Safery Car, which is in response to minimising the risk of serious accidents and injuries, such as those suffered by Jules Bianchi at the Japanese Grand Prix. Its aim is to force drivers to slow by about 35 per cent in an accident zone, with the aid of a dashboard display. Drivers agreed it was a worthwhile system that, however, required refinement for further testing at subsequent races before it was introduced in the 2015 season. Caterham and Marussia were each granted permission by the owner of Formula One's commercial rights Bernie Ecclestone to miss the race due to both teams having long-term financial problems and entered administration. This was the smallest field entered into a Formula One motor race since the 2005 Monaco Grand Prix. There were driver changes for the first free practice session. European Formula Three Championship third-place finisher Max Verstappen replaced Jean-Éric Vergne at Toro Rosso for the second time in 2014, and Williams reserve driver Felipe Nasr drove Bottas's car.
The press reported that the Sauber, Lotus and Force India teams had considered withdrawing from the race to signal a message to Formula One's commercial leaders about its financial state following Caterham and Marussia's non-participation in the race. Ecclestone stated that if two of those teams left Formula One then "that is what will happen" and that teams should only take part if they were competitive. Force India team principal Bob Fernley revealed discussions about a boycott were as a final recourse. Lotus owner Gérard Lopez later admitted he had not heard about the proposed boycott and the team insisted that they would race. Vijay Mallya, the owner of Force India, severely criticised suggestions of a boycott six days after the race: "Who said that we wanted to boycott the race? Please tell me. If I am wrong, you educate me. I speak on behalf of Force India. I have never said that we are going to boycott, and I have clarified this in Austin. Why would we? We have come to go racing."

Practice

Three practice sessions—two on Friday and a third on Saturday—were held before the Sunday race. The Friday morning and afternoon sessions lasted ninety minutes each; the third, one-hour session was held on Saturday morning. Hamilton set the fastest time in the first practice session—which took place on a damp track that later dried—of 1 minute, 39.941 seconds; his session 18 minutes ended early due to a gear shift problem. His teammate Rosberg, Jenson Button, Daniil Kvyat, Kevin Magnussen, Fernando Alonso, Vettel, Nasr, Nico Hülkenberg and Verstappen occupied positions two to ten. Ricciardo was only able to participate in the session's first ¾ of an hour because his energy recovery system failed and was restricted to five timed laps.
In the second session, where it was difficult for teams to alter their car's race set-ups because of strong crosswinds, Hamilton set the day's fastest lap at 1 minute, 39.085 seconds on super-soft compound tyres; Rosberg was three-thousands of a second slower in second and had the fastest time until Hamilton's lap. Both Mercedes cars had reliability concerns with Hamilton reporting another gearbox problem and his session ended early because of a minor hydraulic issue. Rosberg had a downshifting concern which he attributed to hitting the clutch pedal after lifting his leg. Alonso was third-fastest, followed by Ricciardo, Felipe Massa—who locked his brakes lightly and later spun his car—and Kimi Räikkönen. Kvyat, Magnussen, Button and Hülkenberg followed in the top ten. Romain Grosjean and his teammate Pastor Maldonado both spun in their tight-handling Lotus cars and both drivers went off onto a run-off area several times.
Hamilton was fastest in the third session, which was held in chilly but bright weather, with a time of 1 minute, 37.107 seconds; Rosberg had a brake issue until the session's closing minutes and went faster in the first and second sectors but an untidy final sector caused by a glazed left rear brake disc only allowed him to improve his best time by one thousand of a second and the result left him second-fastest. Massa, Bottas, Alonso, Ricciardo, Hülkenberg, Adrian Sutil, Räikkönen and Button completed the top ten. Upon switching settings on his car's steering wheel, Hamilton spun under braking at turn 12, and Rosberg ran wide at the eleventh and twelfth corners. Vergne's session ended early when his engine cut out.

Qualifying

Following the withdrawal of the Caterham and Marussia team's two entries, minor changes were made to Saturday afternoon's three-part qualifying session. The first part ran for 18 minutes, eliminating cars that finished the session 15th or below. The 107% rule was in effect, requiring drivers to reach a time within 107 per cent of the quickest lap to qualify. The second part lasted 15 minutes, eliminating cars that finished 11th to 14th. The final session ran for 12 minutes determined pole position to tenth. Cars who progressed to the final session were not allowed to change tyres for the race's start, using the tyres with which they set their quickest lap times in the second session. Rosberg was fastest in the second and final sessions to take his ninth pole position of 2014, his first in the United States, and the 13th of his career, with a lap of 1 minute, 36.067 seconds. He praised the balance of his car but said it was challenging because of track and wind direction changes. Rosberg was joined on the grid's front row by teammate Hamilton, who had a left-front brake cooler than the right-front disc, slowing him, which was observed by a constant locking of his brakes in the second session. Bottas and Massa were third and fourth. RIcciardo improved greatly on his final timed lap to start fifth and was ahead Alonso in sixth.
Button qualified seventh, but took a five-place grid penalty for changing the gearbox in his car. Hence, his teammate Magnussen started in seventh. Although he improved his car's balance, Räikkönen slid several times after a front-end problem could not be rectified, creating understeer, and was eighth. Sutil took ninth and Maldonado, who was the fastest driver not to advance into the final session, rounded out the top ten, but slid in turn 19, losing about two-tenths of a second, preventing him from bettering his time. Sergio Pérez used two sets of soft tyres in the first session to qualify for the second session and took 11th. Hülkenberg was forecast to qualify in the top ten until a tear-off visor wrapped itself around one of his front tyres into turn 12. He had no grip, ran wide, and lost time, leaving him 13th. Kvyat complained of tyre temperature issues in slower traffic on his out-lap and was 14th. However, he incurred a ten-place grid penalty for changing an engine component. His teammate Vergne began from 14th and was the fastest driver not to enter the second session. Vergne attributed this to changing to an older less powerful engine and excess oversteer. Esteban Gutiérrez lined up in 15th ahead of Grosjean. Vettel in 17th opted to do one lap on soft tyres to comply with the 107 per cent rule. He began from the pit lane after changing his engine, his sixth of the season.

Qualifying classification

;Notes:
The race began before 107,778 people at 14:00 Central Time Zone, in dry and sunny weather with an air temperature of and a track temperature between. Every driver, bar Vettel, Kvyat and Hülkenberg, started on the soft compound tyres. The trio began on the medium compound tyres. A strong cross wind cutting through turns three and five caused cars to oversteer. When the race started, Rosberg maintained the lead into the first corner. Hamilton. who put his car at an angle towards Rosberg, stayed in second. Wheelspin dropped Bottas behind his teammate Massa. Alonso attempted to pass Bottas for fourth into turn two but slowed in doing so. Ricciardo also had wheelspin, and fell behind the Ferrari and McLaren cars. He remained on the outside and overtook Button, Räikkönen and Magnussen before turn 12. Pérez glimpsed space to Sutil's left but the extra speed needed to drive alongside the latter meant he slid into the rear of Räikkönen's car. Räikkonen was able to continue but Pérez ploughed into Sutil. As Sutil spin, he hit Pérez again; both their front wheels interlocked and damaged their suspensions.
Sutil's race ended instantly but Pérez drove his damaged car back to the pit lane to retire. The incident necessitated the safety car's deployment to allow debris to be cleared from the track by track marshals. Both McLaren cars, Hülkenberg, Gutiérrez and Vettel made pit stops to change onto the medium tyres. The safety car was withdrawn at the end of lap four and racing resumed with Rosberg leading Hamilton. The duo pulled away from Massa in third who held off his teammate Bottas. Alonso locked his rear wheels, and Ricciardo switched lines to pass him for fifth as he narrowly avoided hitting the rear of Bottas's car. Alonso and Ricciardo were alongside each other through turn two with Ricciardo keeping fifth by driving onto the artificial grass, causing Alonso to slow through the turn three and four switchback. Räikkönen held off Maldonado's attempts to overtake him as Vergne unsuccessfully tried to overtake on Maldonado into turn one.
On the seventh lap, the stewards placed Vergne, Maldonado, Button and Gutiérrez under investigation for speeding behind the safety car. The Mercedes duo ran close behind each other with Hamilton remaining behind to conserve fuel, and observe the comparison between himself and Rosberg. The tight confines of the middle sector meant Hamilton had difficulty getting into the DRS activation zone before turn 11 and his left-front brake was cooler because of the safety car's slower speed. He braked heavily at certain corners to prevent glazing. Grosjean steered right to try and pass Vergne for ninth on the tenth lap but the latter defended the position. It was announced on the following lap that no further action would be taken against Button although Vergne, Gutiérrez and Maldonado were imposed five-second stop-and-go penalties to be served at their next pit stops. Ricciardo ran close behind Bottas but was not fast enough to pass him. On lap 12, Rosberg radioed his team that his front-left tyre was heavily worn.
finished third after getting ahead of both Williams drivers following their pit stops.|left
Red Bull elected to bring Ricciardo in for his pit stop to change onto medium compound tyres on lap 14 and the Williams team did the same for Massa. The pit stop left Bottas vulnerable to being passed by Ricciardo and his pace on the lap allowed the latter to draw alongside Massa into turn one after his pit stop. Bottas gained momentum to pass Ricciardo on the outside for fourth place. Rosberg made his pit stop from the lead on lap 15 and emerged behind teammate Hamilton in second. Bottas used DRS to attack Ricciardo entering turn 12 but the latter defended his position and did the same three corners later. Hamilton was slower than Rosberg and made his pit stop which saw a front wing adjustment and rejoined with a larger gap to his teammate. Ricciardo continued to hold off the faster Bottas who closed up to him into turn 12. Hülkenberg lost power in his engine and Sauber instructed him to stop the car. He drove to the side of the track on the backstraight to retire on lap 18. Alonso overtook Vettel for ninth on the following lap.
Hamilton gained on Rosberg enough to use DRS by lap 22. On the following lap Hamilton lined up a pass on his teammate on the back straight but did not get ahead. On lap 24, Rosberg selected a setting intended to give him extra power to defend against Hamilton of which he did not receive. Hamilton slipstreamed Rosberg on the backstraight, used DRS, and drove alongside his teammate going into turn 12. Rosberg attempted to defend his position but Hamilton steered left to overtake him for the lead. Hamilton forced Rosberg onto the turn's run-off area and both drivers narrowly avoided a collision as Hamilton began to pull away from his teammate. Alonso batted Button over the previous two laps and overtook him on the outside for seventh place on that lap. Vergne attacked Grosjean on lap 25 after the latter could not overtake the slower Vettel. Grosjean tried again on the following lap and passed Vettel for ninth at the first turn. Alonso overtook Magnussen for sixth with a switchback move at turn one. Button fell to tenth when Grosjean and Vergne passed him over the next two laps.
Massa kept within a reasonable gap between the two Mercedes cars and was 2.4 seconds ahead of Ricciardo. Williams elected to make a pit stop for Bottas at the end of the 30th lap for medium compound tyres and Ricciardo responded by going seven-tenths of a second faster than Bottas in the final sector. Ricciardo made his pit stop on the following lap and emerged in front of Bottas. He began matching Massa's pace before the latter made a problematic pit stop on lap 32: his mechanics were delayed for one second in the installation of a front tyres, promoting Ricciardo into third. Hamilton entered the pit lane from the lead on the 33rd for his final stop and rejoined in second, behind teammate Rosberg, whom Mercedes told to go faster. Rosberg led the field on the 34th lap before making his pit stop, handing first position back to Hamilton. Vettel overtook Grosjean for tenth position on lap 37 and drew close to Magnussen shortly after. He overtook Magnussen on the outside three laps later but was unable to slow sufficiently and the latter retook ninth.
took the thirty-second victory of his career, becoming the most successful British driver in Formula One history.
Maldonado incurred a five-second stop-and-go penalty on lap 41 for speeding in the pit lane. Vettel braked later than Magnussen and passed him for ninth on lap 42. Alonso made a pit stop for soft compound tyres on lap 43 and emerged in seventh behind Vettel. He immediately got involved in a three-way battle between Vettel and Magnussen for sixth to eighth. Vettel was unhappy with how his car handled on worn tyres and Alonso passed him with DRS for sixth on lap 46. Rosberg went half a second quicker than teammate Hamilton to be 1.9 seconds behind at the start of the next lap and Hamilton was told over the radio to be cautious about tearing up a loose piece of artificial grass exiting turn 19. As Rosberg sought to further reduce the gap, Hamilton went quicker to extend his lead by four-tenths of a second. Williams radioed Massa to close up to Ricciardo and went half a second quicker than Ricciardo on lap 49. Vergne and Grosjean made contact at turn one with the former taking ninth on the inside on lap 50, and Maldonado passed his teammate Grosjean for tenth.
On lap 52, an error from Kvyat allowed Räikkönen to pass him. Button lost eighth to Vergne on the same lap and fell behind Vettel on lap 54. Vettel overtook Vergne for ninth on the next lap. Slower traffic delayed Hamilton, lowering his lead to 2.1 seconds when the final lap began, but his teammate Rosberg was also baulked, allowing Hamilton to win by 4.3 seconds. Ricciardo finished third and was 1.3 seconds in front of Massa in fourth. Bottas, Alonso, Vettel, Magnussen, Maldonado finished in positions five to nine. Vergne finished tenth after a five-second time penalty for the contact with Grosjean. Grosjean, Button, Räikkönen, Gutiérrez and Kvyat were the final classified finishers. It was Hamilton's tenth win of 2014, his second in Austin, and the 32nd of his career, breaking Nigel Mansell's record for the most career victories for a British driver. Hamilton also became the first British driver since Mansell to win five successive races. There were five lead changes in the race; two drivers reached the front of the field. Hamilton led three times for a total of 33 laps, more than any other driver.

Post-race

At the podium interviews, conducted by former driver Mario Andretti, Hamilton spoke of his gratitude to be at the front of the field and that it was "such a privilege" to represent his nation. Rosberg revealed he found he rhythm he liked when Hamilton passed him. Ricciardo thanked his team for providing him with a car that allowed him to contend for a podium position and was "really happy" to finish third. In the later press conference, Hamilton said upon passing Rosberg, he controlled the pace by managing tyre wear, and was unhindered by brake locking. Rosberg stated there were no lasting problems after driving over the track's kerbs but was fully committed to closing up to his teammate. Ricciardo said he felt his team's strategy allowed him to pass the Williams cars and believed he was at fault for his slow start off the line and intended to correct the problem before the Brazilian Grand Prix.
was demoted to tenth for colliding with Romain Grosjean and was handed one super licence penalty point.
Along with his five-second time penalty for forcing Grosjean off the track, Vergne incurred one penalty point on his super licence, his third of the season. Vergne said he wanted to move up the field late on, and perceived the contact with Grosjean as part of motor sport. Grosjean stated it was "really frustrating" not to finish in the top ten, and revealed the collision with Vergne damaged his car's front wing and floor, making it difficult to control for the rest of the race. For the contact with Sutil and Räikkonen, a seven-place grid penalty was imposed on Pérez for the Brazilian Grand Prix and two penalty points on his super licence. Pérez described the situation as "unfortunate" and did not anticipate Räikkönen being in the place that he was. Sutil was frustrated over the crash, which prevented him from scoring Sauber's first points of the season, describing it "such a shame and so disappointing" and called the incident "unnecessary": "We were hoping for a great result today and because of a silly action like this we missed everything."
Räikkonen disliked the situation he found himself in during the race with a three pit stop strategy, complaining of heavy front tyre degradation and excess understeer. He informed the press neither he nor his team identified the source of the problem but appreciated assistance: "To try and drive slowly in certain places didn't make any difference so I don't understand it really. Wherever we finished it's pretty disappointing. Not being able to solve certain issues is frustrating. Hopefully something comes up and we find what the issues are." Similarly, Alonso complained his car had severe tyre vibrations in the final two laps, reducing his visibility: "I tried to control the pace. I was asking for a gap from behind to cross the line just in front of them. But then Vettel overtook Magnussen and there was no time to save any more so on the last lap I was flat out with huge vibrations." The Williams performance chief Rob Smedley suspected minor issues such as Massa's slow pit stop prevented his team from finishing on the podium. Red Bull team principal Christian Horner explained that Vettel's first lap pit stop to switch to the medium tyres was done with the intention of not using soft tyres for the rest of the race.
The result increased Hamilton's lead over Rosberg in the World Drivers' Championship to 24 points. Ricciardo remained in third position but his third-place finish excluded him from winning the title. Bottas in fourth moved another four points clear of Vettel in fifth. Mercedes further extended its unassailable lead in the World Constructors' Championship to 245 points ahead of Red Bull in second. Williams and Ferrari remained in third and fourth positions and McLaren were fifth on 147 points with two races left in the season.

Race classification

Notes:
;Drivers' Championship standings
;Constructors' Championship standings