The 2003 Mosul raid was an American military operation conducted on July 22, 2003, in the city of Mosul, Iraq, which led to the killing of Uday Hussein and Qusay Hussein, both sons of deposed Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein. The operation, originally intended to apprehend the Hussein brothers, turned into a four-hour gun battle outside a fortified safehouse which ended with the death of both Hussein brothers, a 14-year-old relative, and a bodyguard.
Background
In March and April, 2003, a military coalition led by the United States invaded Iraq and overthrew the country's Ba'athist dictatorship under Saddam Hussein. Following the defeat of the Iraqi Army, Saddam and his sons, Uday Hussein and Qusay Hussein went into hiding and became wanted fugitives by the occupying Coalition forces. Uday had been the founder and commander of the Fedayeen Saddam, a loyalist paramilitary organization that served as Saddam Hussein's personal guard, while Qusay had been a high-ranking member of the Iraqi Republican Guard. Uday and Qusay Hussein were the ace of hearts and ace of clubs, respectively, in the Coalition's Most-wanted Iraqi playing cards. Saddam himself was the ace of spades. A combined $30,000,000 reward for the brothers' capture was posted by Coalition authorities.
Assault
In July 2003, Coalition troops were notified by a cousin of the brothers that Uday Hussein, Qusay Hussein, Qusay's 14-year-old son Mustapha, and a fourth man described as a bodyguard were hiding in a safehouse in a northern suburb of the Iraqi city of Mosul. A decision was made to send a detachment of U.S. Special Forces troops to apprehend the brothers. At about 10:00 AM on July 22, 2003, eight Special Forces soldiers from Task Force 121, accompanied by 40 infantrymen from the 101st Airborne Division, surrounded the safehouse. A bullhorn was used to order the house's occupants to come out and surrender, but there was no response. Ten minutes later, a team of eight US Special Forces operatives knocked on the door of the house. When no one answered, the soldiers breached the door and entered the house. Inside, the team came under heavy gunfire from the house's defenders, who were armed with AK-47s and had barricaded themselves on the building's second floor. In the ensuing gun battle, three Special Forces soldiers were wounded inside the house. As the entry team attempted to withdraw, the occupants began shooting out the windows, wounding a fourth soldier. The four wounded operatives were evacuated by helicopter as the team retreated from the building and called for backup. After the Special Forces team retreated from the house, soldiers from the 101st Airborne Division and 3/327th Infantry surrounded the safehouse and opened fire with Mk 19 grenade launchers, AT4 rockets, and Humvee-mounted.50-caliber M2 Browningmachine guns, and an intense gun battle ensued. By 11:22 AM, over an hour into the firefight, more than 200 reinforcement soldiers had arrived to assist the task force.
At 11:45 AM, several Kiowa OH-58D army helicopters and an A-10 Warthog arrived and began firing at the safehouse, destroying a large portion of the building with missiles. Nevertheless, the task force continued to receive heavy gunfire from the house's occupants, who also lobbed grenades from the roof. Unable to neutralize the defenders, the task force initially considered using Apache helicopters to destroy the safehouse, but ruled it out due to concerns over potential civilian casualties. At 1:00 PM, three hours into the operation, ten TOW missiles were fired at the house from Humvee-mounted launchers. The resulting explosion killed both Hussein brothers and their bodyguard, and reduced much of the safehouse to rubble. At 1:21 PM, several American soldiers entered the ruined house to search for survivors. As the team advanced up the stairs to the building's second floor, Qusay's 14-year-old son Mustapha, taking cover in a bedroom, opened fire on the soldiers with an AK-47, but was killed instantly by return fire.
Aftermath
Following the raid, the bodies of all four occupants were subsequently removed from the house and flown to Baghdad for identification tests. Morticians reconstructed the corpses of Uday and Qusay Hussein, who were identified through DNA testing and dental records. Both men had significantly changed their appearance to avoid detection; Uday had completely shaved his head and Qusay had trimmed his signature beard. Photos of the brothers' corpses were later published by the Department of Defense and shown on TV and in newspapers, generating considerable controversy. US officials announced that the combined $30 million reward for Uday and Qusay Hussein would be paid to the informant who tipped off Coalition authorities. The informant is also alleged to have been the owner of the safehouse where the brothers were killed. Uday, Qusay, and Qusay's son Mustapha were later buried alongside one-another in a cemetery in Tikrit. Qusay's other two sons, Yahya and Yaqub, are presumed to be alive but their whereabouts are unknown.
