1944 in France Events from the year 1944 in France .Incumbents Chairman of the Provisional Government: Philippe Pétain , Charles de Gaulle Vice-President of the Council of Ministers: Pierre Laval , Charles de GaulleEvents 15 March - The National Council of the French Resistance approves the Resistance programme. 1 June - BBC transmits coded messages to underground resistance fighters in France warning that the invasion of Europe is imminent. 2 June - The provisional French government is established. 5 June - More than 1000 British bombers drop 5000 tons of bombs on German gun batteries on the Normandy coast in preparation for D-Day . 5 June - At 10:15 p.m. local time, the BBC transmits coded messages including the second line of the Paul Verlaine poem to the underground resistance indicating that the invasion of Europe is about to begin. 6 June - Battle of Normandy begins - Operation Overlord , code named D-Day, commences with the landing of 155,000 Allied troops on the beaches of Normandy. 6 June - Battle of Cherbourg begins. 7 June - Bayeux liberated by British troops. 9 June - Over 200 people are killed by 2nd SS Panzer Division in the Tulle massacre 10 June - 642 people are killed by 2nd SS Panzer Division in the Oradour-sur-Glane massacre . 10 June - Battle of Carentan begins. 13 June - Battle of Bloody Gulch , near Carentan , United States forces victory. 14 June - Battle of Carentan ends with Allied victory. 26 June - American troops enter Cherbourg . 30 June - Battle of Cherbourg ends with the fall of the strategically valuable port to American forces. 9 July - British and Canadian forces capture Caen . 9 August - the declared the Constitutional Law of 1940 issued by the Provisional Government void ab initio . 12 August - The world's first undersea oil pipeline is laid, between England and France in Operation Pluto . 15 August - Operation Dragoon lands Allies in southern France. 19 August - Liberation of Paris: The city rises against German occupation with the help of Allied troops. 20 August - American forces successfully defeat German forces at Chambois . This victory closed the Falaise Gap . 24 August - Liberation of Paris: The Allies enter Paris, successfully completing Operation Overlord. 25 August *German surrender of Paris: General Dietrich von Choltitz surrenders Paris to the Allies, in defiance of Hitler's orders to destroy it. *Maillé massacre: 129 civilians are massacred by the Gestapo at Maillé, Indre-et-Loire . *The Red Ball Express convoy system begins operation, supplying tons of materiel to Allied forces in France. 26 August - Toulon liberated in Battle of Toulon . 28 August - Marseille liberated in Battle of Marseille . 8 September - Menton is liberated from Germany. 11 September - Northern and Southern France invasion forces link up near Dijon . 24 September - The U.S. Army 45th Infantry Division takes the strongly defended city of Epinal before crossing the Moselle River and entering the western foothills of the Vosges. 5 October - Royal Canadian Air Force pilots shoot down the first German jet fighter over France. 31 October - Mass murderer Marcel Petiot is apprehended in a Paris Métro station . 23 November - Liberation of Strasbourg . Toymaker Jouef established.Arts and literature 6 February - Première of Jean Anouilh's tragedy Antigone , at the Théâtre de l'Atelier in Nazi-occupied Paris. May - Première of Jean-Paul Sartre's existentialist drama Huis Clos , at the Théâtre du Vieux-Colombier in Nazi-occupied Paris.Births January to June 17 January - Françoise Hardy , singer. 10 February - Jean-Daniel Cadinot , film director and producer 25 February - François Cevert , motor racing driver 7 April - Jean-Pierre Brucato , soccer player 22 May - Henri Guédon , percussionist 25 May - Pierre Bachelet , singer songwriter 26 May - Laurent-Michel Vacher , philosopher , writer and journalist 22 June * Pierre Goldman , left-wing intellectual , convicted of several robberies and assassinated * Gérard Mourou , electrical engineer, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics 24 June - Ticky Holgado , actorJuly to December 12 July - Jean-François Jenny-Clark , double bass player 9 August - Patrick Depailler , motor racing driver 14 August - Jean-François Bizot , journalist and writer 2 September - Gilles Marchal , songwriter and singer 6 September - Christian Boltanski , photographer, sculptor and installation artistFull date unknown Jean-Jacques Le Chenadec, urban violence victimDeaths 14 January - Eugène Louis Bouvier , entomologist and carcinologist 31 January - Jean Giraudoux , novelist, essayist, diplomat and playwright 4 February - Yvette Guilbert , singer and actress 5 March - Max Jacob , poet, painter, writer and critic 22 March - Pierre Brossolette , journalist and Resistance fighter 30 April - Paul Poiret , fashion designer 20 May - Fraser Barron , New Zealand bomber pilot at Le Mans 6 July - Andrée Borrel , French World War II heroine 6 July - Sonia Olschanezky , German-born French Jewish World War II heroine 7 July - Georges Mandel , politician and Resistance leader 31 July - Antoine de Saint-Exupéry , pilot and writer 9 September - Robert Benoist , motor racing driver and war hero 11 September - Yolande Beekman , World War II heroine 13 September - Madeleine Damerment , World War II heroine 1 November - Lucien Cayeux , sedimentary petrographer 5 November - Alexis Carrel , surgeon and biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 13 December- Wassily Kandinsky , artist 30 December - Romain Rolland , writer, Nobel Prize in Literature
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