1854 in Germany

Incumbents

• King of Bavaria – Maximilian II
• King of Hanover – George V
• King of Prussia – Frederick William IV
• King of Saxony – Frederick Augustus II

  Events

• 15 July – The Glaspalast is opened in Munich. A giant glass building modelled on London's The Crystal Palace, it houses an industrial exhibition.

  Undated

• Construction finishes on the neoclassical Semper Gallery in Dresden designed by Gottfried Semper
• Karl Wilhelm sets the words of Max Schneckenburger's poem "Die Wacht am Rhein" to music, creating a patriotic anthem
• Gustav Bläser's sculpture Athena Protects the Young Hero is installed in Berlin

  Births

• 17 February – Friedrich Alfred Krupp, German industrialist
• 14 March - Paul Ehrlich, German physician, scientist
• 15 March – Emil von Behring, German physiologist, winner of the 1901 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
• 18 April – Ludwig Levy, German architect
• 11 May - Ottmar Mergenthaler, German inventor of linotype
• 23 August - Moritz Moszkowski, German/Polish composer and pianist
• 1 September – Engelbert Humperdinck, German composer
• 13 September - Hermann von Stein, German general

  Deaths

• 1 January - Conrad Hinrich Donner, German banker and art collector
• 25 March - Caroline of Nassau-Saarbrücken, German Countess Palatine of Zweibrücken
• 11 April – Karl Adolph von Basedow, German physician
• 27 April - Hermann Abeken, German political writer
• 18 May - Ernst von Bodelschwingh-Velmede, German statesman and politician
• 13 June – Rosina Regina Ahles, German actor
• 20 June - Caroline of Hesse-Homburg
• 6 July – Georg Ohm, German physicist
• 2 August – Heinrich Clauren, German writer
• 9 August - Frederick Augustus II of Saxony, king of Saxony
• 20 August - Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling, German philosopher
• 18 September - Johann Friedrich Meckel, the Elder, German anatomist
• 26 October – Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen, queen consort of Bavaria
• 23 November - Gottfried Bernhard Göz, German painter
• 13 December - Andreas Buchner, German historian