1830 and 1831 United States House of Representatives elections


In the United States House of Representatives elections of 1830 the supporters of President Andrew Jackson lost ten seats during his first term, but managed to maintain control of the chamber amidst the growth of two new opposition movements.
The brash style of Congress during the administration of Andrew Jackson caused a number of Americans to become dissatisfied with the government and both of the major parties. Anger over the Tariff of 1828 also provided a major issue, particularly in the agricultural South. The Jacksonians remained firmly in control of the House, but lost several seats, as did the minority Anti-Jacksonians. The Anti-Masonic Party, an aspiring third party which was based on a single issue, was actually able to gain a dozen seats, and four South Carolina Congressman who called themselves Nullifiers were also elected. Thus, this was the first election in the House where both major parties lost seats at the same time; this would not occur again until the 1854 elections.

Election summaries

Not including special elections.

Special elections

21st Congress

22nd Congress

Alabama

Connecticut

Connecticut elected its six at-large members on a general ticket on April 14, 1831, after the term began but before the Congress convened.

Delaware

Georgia

Georgia elected its 7 at-large members on October 4, 1830.

Illinois

Indiana

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Former U.S. President John Quincy Adams was elected from, becoming the first former president to re-enter public life after leaving the presidency.

Mississippi

Missouri

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New York

North Carolina

North Carolina elected its members August 11, 1831, after the term began but before the new Congress convened.

Ohio

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

Tennessee

Vermont

Virginia