1794 in France

Incumbents

• The Committee of Public Safety
• The National Convention

  Events

January to March

• 4 February – The French Republic abolishes slavery.
• 15 February – Modern arrangement of Flag of France adopted.
• 26 February – Ventôse Decrees, proposed to confiscate the property of exiles and opponents of the Revolution, and redistribute it to the needy.
• 3 March – Ventôse Decrees.
• 23 March – British troops capture Martinique from the French.

  April to June

• 5 April – Execution of Georges Danton.
• 19 April – Britain signs a treaty of alliance with Prussia and the Netherlands against France.
• 21 April – British troops seize Guadeloupe but the French regain control on 7 June.
• 30 April – 1 May – War of the Pyrenees: Second Battle of Boulou, French victory against Spain and Portugal.
• 7 May – French Revolution: Robespierre establishes the Cult of the Supreme Being as the new state religion of the French First Republic.
• 8 May – French Revolution: Reign of Terror – Chemist Antoine Lavoisier is tried, convicted and executed by guillotine in Paris, on the same day as with 27 co-defendants also associated with the former ferme générale.
• 18 May – Battle of Tourcoing, French victory over Austrian and British forces.
• 22 May – Battle of Tournay, Coalition forces defeat the French.
• 1 June – Glorious First of June, French naval battle with the British; both sides claim victory.
• 4 June – British troops capture Port-au-Prince in Haiti from the French.
• 10 June – Law of 22 Prairial enacted, also known as the loi de la Grande Terreur.
• 17 June
• *The Anglo-Corsican Kingdom is established.
• *Battle of Mykonos: HMS Romney captures French frigate Sibylle.
• 26 June – Battle of Fleurus: French forces defeat the Austrians and their allies, leading to permanent loss of the Austrian Netherlands and destruction of the Dutch Republic. French use of an observation balloon marks the first participation of an aircraft in battle.

July to December

• 13 July – Battle of Trippstadt, French defeat Austrian, Prussian and Saxony forces.
• 17 July – The sixteen Carmelite Martyrs of Compiègne are executed 10 days prior to the end of the French Revolution's Reign of Terror.

• 27 July – Thermidorian Reaction begins against the excesses of the Reign of Terror. Robespierre and leaders of the Paris city government arrested.
• 28 July – Robespierre, Saint-Just, Georges Couthon, and others, including members of the Paris Commune are guillotined.
• 21 August – British troops capture Corsica following the bombardment by Nelson.
• 15 September – Battle of Boxtel.
• 2 October – Battle of Aldenhoven, French defeat Austrian forces.
• 17 November-20 November – War of the Pyrenees: Battle of Sant Llorenç de la Muga, French defeat Spanish forces.
• 22 November – Siege of Luxembourg. French siege of Austrian forces begins.

  Ongoing

• French Revolution
• French Revolutionary Wars
• First Coalition

  Full date unknown

• Hospitals pass to ownership of the state.

  Births

January to March

• 10 January - Jean Philibert Damiron, philosopher.
• 13 January - Prosper Garnot, surgeon and naturalist.
• 17 January – Jacques Amand Eudes-Deslongchamps, naturalist and palaeontologist.
• 25 January
• *Garcin de Tassy, orientalist.
• *François-Vincent Raspail, chemist, physiologist and socialist.
• 2 February – Étienne Arnal, actor.
• 9 February – Jacques-François Ancelot, dramatist.
• 5 March – Jacques Babinet, physicist, mathematician, and astronomer.
• 19 March – Pierre-Médard Diard, naturalist and explorer.
• 20 March – René-Primevère Lesson, surgeon and naturalist.

  April to June

• 4 April – Sabin Berthelot, naturalist and ethnologist.
• 12 April – Germinal Pierre Dandelin, mathematician, soldier, and professor ofengineering.
• 15 April – [Jean Pierre Flourens, physiologist.
• 26 April – Jean-Pierre Falret, psychiatrist.
• 17 May – Frédéric Monod, Protestant pastor.
• 29 May – Antoine Bussy, chemist.
• 23 June – Louis Petitot, sculptor.

  July to December

• 29 July – Auguste Regnaud de Saint-Jean d'Angély, Marshal of France.
• 9 August – Achille Valenciennes, zoologist.
• 29 August – Léon Cogniet, painter.
• 10 September – François Benoist, composer and organist.
• 24 September – Jeanne Villepreux-Power, marine biologist.
• September – Auguste Simon Paris, notary and entomologist.
• 22 October – Armand-Benjamin Caillau, Roman Catholic priest, a missionary and writer.
• 6 November – Aimable Pélissier, Marshal of France.
• 31 December – Pierre Adolphe Piorry, physician.

  Full date unknown

• Louis Adolphe le Doulcet, comte de Pontécoulant, soldier and musicologist.
• Jean Baptiste Douville, traveller and writer.
• Brutus de Villeroi, submarine engineer.

  Deaths

January to March

• 4 January – Nicolas Luckner, Marshal of France
• 6 January
• * Pierre Bouchet, French physician
• * Maurice d'Elbée, French Revolutionary leader
• 28 January – Henri de la Rochejaquelein, youngest general of the Royalist Vendéan insurrection.
• 10 February – Jacques Roux, French priest
• 24 March – Jacques Hébert, editor of radical newspaper Le Père Duchesne, executed.
• 28 March – Marquis de Condorcet, philosopher, mathematician and political scientist.

  April to June

• 5 April – executions
• *Georges Danton, leading figure early in the French Revolution.
• *Camille Desmoulins, journalist and leading figure in the French Revolution.
• *Marie-Jean Hérault de Séchelles, Revolutionary politician.
• *Fabre d'Églantine, actor, dramatist and Revolutionary politician.
• *François Joseph Westermann, General and Revolutionary politician.
• 13 April – executions
• *Pierre Gaspard Chaumette, Revolutionary politician.
• *Lucile Duplessis, wife of Camille Desmoulins.
• 23 April – Guillaume-Chrétien de Lamoignon de Malesherbes, statesman and Minister, executed.
• 8 May – Antoine Lavoisier, nobleman and chemist, executed.
• 10 May – Élisabeth of France, French princess
• 17 June – Marguerite-Élie Guadet, Royalist politician, executed.
• 18 June – François Buzot, revolutionary politician.
• 27 June – executions
• *Philippe de Noailles, duc de Mouchy, Marshal of France.
• *Charles-Louis-Victor, prince de Broglie, soldier and politician.

  July to December

• 23 July – Alexandre, vicomte de Beauharnais, General and politician, executed.
• 25 July – André Chénier, poet, executed.
• 28 July – executions
• *Maximilien Robespierre, Revolutionary leader.
• *Augustin Robespierre, Revolutionary politician.
• *Louis Antoine de Saint-Just, Revolutionary leader.
• * Jean-Baptiste de Lavalette, French general
• *François Hanriot, Revolutionary leader.
• 11 September – Catherine Théot, French visionary
• 25 September – Paul Rabaut, Huguenot pastor.
• 21 October – Antoine Petit, French physician
• 3 November – François-Joachim de Pierre de Bernis, Cardinal and statesman.
• 16 December – Jean-Baptiste Carrier, revolutionary politician, executed.