1562 in science

Geography

• Diego Gutiérrez and Hieronymus Cock published the map Americae Sive Quartae Orbis Partis Nova Et Exactissima Descriptio.

  Mathematics

• Humphrey Baker's arithmetic textbook The Wellspring of Sciences first published in London.

  Births

• April 24 – Xu Guangqi, Chinese polymath
• October 4 – Christen Sørensen Longomontanus, Danish astronomer

  Deaths

• October 9 – Gabriele Falloppio, Italian anatomist and physician