1079

By place

Europe

• April 11 - Stanislaus of Szczepanów, bishop of Kraków, is executed on orders by King Bolesław II the Generous. The way in which his sentence is carried out causes a revolt among the Polish nobles. Bolesław is forced to flee, to take refuge at the court of King Ladislaus I of Hungary. He is succeeded by his brother Władysław I, as ruler of Poland.
• Battle of Cabra: Moorish forces aided by Castilian knights under El Cid defeat and rout the invading army of Emir Abdallah ibn Buluggin of Granada near the town of Cabra.
• Emperor Henry IV appoints Frederick I as duke of Swabia at Hohenstaufen Castle. Henry's 7-year-old daughter Agnes of Waiblingen is betrothed to Frederick who founds the Hohenstaufen Dynasty.
• Upon the death of Håkan the Red, Halsten Stenkilsson returns as king of Sweden, jointly with his brother Inge the Elder.

  England

• King William the Conqueror establishes the New Forest in Southern England. He proclaims it as a royal forest, using it for hunting, mainly of deer.

  Seljuk Empire

• The Seljuk Turks under Sultan Suleiman ibn Qutulmish reach and occupy the western coast of Asia Minor, an area known since the Archaic Period as Ionia.

  By topic

Astronomy

• Omar Khayyam, Persian mathematician and astronomer, computes the length of the year to be exactly 365 days and 8 leap years that includes 366 days. The most accurate calculation of his time. Khayyam, in his Treatise on Demonstrations of Problems in Algebra, produces a complete classification of cubic equations and their geometric solutions.

  Religion

• Constance, queen of Castile and León, founds a monastery in Burgos.

  Births

• February 11 - Yejong, king of Goryeo
• April - Urraca, queen regnant of León, Castile and Galicia
• August 8 - Horikawa, emperor of Japan
• Abū Ṭāhir al-Silafī, Fatimid scholar and writer
• Berardo dei Marsi, Italian cardinal and bishop
• Dangereuse de l'Isle Bouchard, French noblewoman
• Gampopa, Tibetan Buddhist monk and teacher
• Kilij Arslan I, sultan of the Sultanate of Rum
• Liu, Chinese empress of the Song dynasty
• Peter Abelard, French scholastic philosopher
• Zheng, Chinese empress of the Song dynasty
• Approximate date - Diepold III, margrave of Vohburg

  Deaths

• January 8 - Adela of France, countess of Flanders
• February 22 - John of Fécamp, Italian-Norman abbot
• April 11 - Stanislaus of Szczepanów, Polish bishop
• August 2 - Roman Svyatoslavich, Kievan prince
• August 5 - Hezilo, bishop of Hildesheim
• November 16 - Cao, empress of the Song dynasty
• Adelaide of Savoy, duchess of Swabia
• Aedh Ua Flaithbheartaigh, king of Iar Connacht
• Al-Jayyānī, Arab scholar and mathematician
• Atsiz ibn Uvaq, Turkish emir of Damascus
• Cellach húa Rúanada, Irish chief ollam and poet
• Håkan the Red, king of Sweden
• Íñigo López, Spanish nobleman
• John of Avranches, French archbishop and writer
• Odo of Rennes, duke and regent of Brittany
• Roger d'Ivry, Norman nobleman
• Wen Tong, Chinese painter and calligrapher